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Systems biology of epidemiology From genes to environment

Presenter
April 10, 2014
MBI
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Abstract
Traditional epidemiological models consists of compartmentalizing hosts into susceptible, exposed, infected, recovered (SEIR), and variations of this paradigm (e.g. SIR, SIR/SI, etc.). These models are challenged when the within-host dynamics of disease is taken into account with aspects such as: (i) Simultaneous Infection: Simultaneous presence of several distinct pathogen genomes, from the same or multiple species, thus causing individual to belong to multiple compartments simultaneously. (ii) Antigenic diversity and variation: Antigenic variation, defined as the ability of a pathogen to change antigens presented to the immune system during an infection, and antigenic diversity, defined as antigenic differences between pathogens in a population, are central to the pathogen's ability to 1) infect previously exposed hosts, and 2) maintain a long-term infection in the face of the immune response. Immune evasion facilitated by this variability is a critical factor in the dynamics of pathogen growth, and therefore, transmission. This talk explores an alternate mechanistic formulation of epidemiological dynamics based upon studying the influence of within-host dynamics in environmental transmission. A basic propagation number is calculated that could guide public health policy.
Supplementary Materials
Timecodes
00:02
Systems Biology of Epidemiology: From Genes to Environment
00:59
Collaborators
01:45
The Pioneers
02:51
Epidemics are Driven by Cellular and Molecular Interactions
04:29
Epidemics are Driven by Cellular and Molecular Interactions Continued
05:31
Epidemics are Driven by Cellular and Molecular Interactions Continued
06:16
Immunoepidemiology
07:15
Challenges of omic data
12:34
Molecular Changes vs. Physiological State
14:44
Molecular Changes vs. Physiological State Continued
15:26
Molecular Changes vs. Physiological State Continued
17:28
Molecular Changes vs. Physiological State Continued
21:22
Within-Host Dynamics
21:40
Within-Host Dynamics Continued
22:14
A Change in Perspective
23:20
A Shift in the Paradigm
24:02
A Shift in the Paradigm Continued
24:17
Basic Propagation Number
24:52
Basic Propagation Number Continued
25:04
Basic Propagation Number Continued
25:15
Basic Propagation Number Continued
25:22
Basic Propagation Number Continued
26:30
Between-Host Dynamics
27:44
Diffusion on a Manifold
28:15
Diffusion on a Manifold Continued
29:31
Diffusion on a Manifold Continued
30:22
Key Aspects of Infectious Disease Can Hardly Be Studied with Existing Paradigms
30:34
Asymptomaticity is Very Important
30:58
Vector Behavior is Very Important
31:46
Vector Behavior is Very Important Continued
32:05
The Malaria Case
33:55
The Malaria Case Continued
33:58
The Malaria Case Continued
34:02
From Cells to Continent
35:39
Summary
36:05
The Bottom Line