In this talk, I will outline two broad areas in which operations research is impacting healthcare broadly: (i) operations and scheduling and (ii) medical decision-making. The talk will propose that we need to create a true science for healthcare operations and for medical decision-making. The talk will then propose a number of challenges for operations research, in particular, and industrial engineering, more broadly, in the healthcare domain. These include: personalized risk management in chronic and acute diseases, human factors, optimizing personal health decisions, and home health monitoring.